1
عمومی::
اختلال صوت
Voice disorders arise when an indi- vidual's quality, pitch, or loudness dif- fers from voice characteristics typical of speakers of similar age, gender, cultural background, and geographic location.
Other voice disorders originate in direct response to psychological factors.
The complementary relationship among these various physical, voice use, and psychological influences ensures that many voice disorders and laryngeal pathologies will have contributions from more than one etiologic factor and that there may be considerable overlap among these three groupings.1-3 For example, inappropriate vocal behaviors or excessive vocal demands may incite structural changes in the vocal fold
diagnostic signs of the most common voice disorders and the underlying contributions from medical, surgical, behavioral, rehabilitative, and psycho- social components.
PREVALENCE OF VOICE DISORDERS
واژگان شبکه مترجمین ایران